Definition of a Support System
“A group of people who are available
to support one another emotionally, socially, and sometimes financially.” *1
A Support System Is:
·
A resource pool –People, things, environment, and
beliefs who you can draw from in moments of need, providing you with support.
·
Drawn on selectively – This requires skills in choosing the
appropriate person or persons who are helpful to you in moments of need and are
available to you emotionally.
·
To support me – Someone who is there to provide
support and that you are able to ask for help from them.
·
In moving in a direction of my choice
- requires that I be
able to distinguish my goals and the direction I need to go.
Functions of Support Systems
Support systems can be used for several different purposes,
depending on the situation confronting an individual they could consist of:
·
Re-establishing
Competence: Particularly in times of high stress or major
transitions, we may find ourselves functioning at a very low level of
competence. This may be because of anxiety, the energy it takes to cope with a
crisis, physical and emotional difficulties, or overload of demands on us by
other people. A good support system can help us cope and return to our previous
level of functioning.
·
Maintaining
High Performance: It can be equally important to have access to
resourceful people when one is doing well in order to maintain that level of
activity. Although it may be easier to use assistance when performing at a high
level, many people tend to neglect their support systems at such times, finding
it mare difficult to ask for help.
·
Gaining
New Competencies: A somewhat different function of support systems is
to assist in developing new skills. What are needed here are persons who can
challenge, serve as teachers and models and provide emotional support during
periods when one may be feeling awkward or inept in dealing with new
situations.
·
Achieving
Specific Objectives:
Many of the objectives we strive for cannot be met without collaboration with
and contributions from a number of persons. This often requires people who have
skills and resources we do not have or that we do not desire to develop.
These functions of support systems are focused primarily on
the individual. They often can help an individual contribute to organization
goals and objectives, but it is equally important that support systems be used
when individuals find themselves in conflict or opposition to the directions of
other people, groups and organizations. They should function in such a way as
to maintain and develop the integrity of the individual, which may include
changing the organization, creating conflict or leaving a particular setting.
Support systems are patricianly helpful in coping with the
stress that accompanies transitions in relationships, roles and positions, or
careers. Skills in establishing new support systems are essential for
successful transitions into new environments.
Different Types of Support
System Members
Support system members can
function in a number of different ways. Some people fill a variety of roles,
while others may offer only a single type of support. The following list
illustrates some of the different functions of support system members:
·
Role Models –
People who can help define goals for positions one might assume in the future.
Role models not only show what is possible but also are a source of valuable
information about the opportunities and problems associated with a given role.
·
Common interests – People who share common interests or concerns can be
especially important in keeping one motivated, and in sorting out those
problems that are primarily those of the individual room problems imposed by
the larger system and require collective activity to bring about change in that
system.
·
Close Friends – People who help provide nurturance and caring, who
enjoy some of the same interests, and who keep one from becoming isolated and
alienated.
·
Helpers –
People who can be depended upon in a crisis to provide assistance. These people
are often experts in solving particular kinds of problems and may not be the
type with whom one would choose to have a close personal relationship.
·
Respect Competence – People who respect the skills one has
already developed and who value the contributions that one makes in a given
situation. They are particularly helpful during times of transition when one
may be feeling unsure of oneself in developing new skills.
·
Referral agent –People who can connect one with resources in the
environment through their knowledge of people and organizations. They can refer
one to those places where one can obtain needed assistance.
·
Challengers
– People who can help motivate one to explore new ways of doing things,
develop new skills, and work toward the development of latent capabilities.
They often are people whom one may not care for as personal friends, but who
are demanding of us.
Some
Principles in Using Support Systems
·
Caution – Know
who your supports are and gain a trust and rapport with them.
·
Maintenance – It
is wise to keep relationships current and up-to-date so that when you need to
draw on people, they are informed and appreciative of your need for their
assistance.
·
Equality – It
is important the relationship be one in which both sides feel there is a fair
arrangement, whether it be accomplished by returning help, payment of money,
join sense of accomplishments, or whatever else makes sense. Guilt can easily
build up when there is a sense of indebtedness hat cannot be repaid.
·
External Support Base – the primary base of support for being
competent should be to the system in which one is using one’s skills. This will
enable a person in conflict when it becomes necessary. Leaning on people inside
the system in which one is trying to be competent often leads to a sense of
dependency. (Paradoxically, when one is seen as having an external support
group, it is more likely that people inside the system will also turn out to be
supportive.)
·
Back-up Resources – It is wise to have several places one can turn to for
particular kinds of support to reduce the sense of vulnerability one feels
should an individual be unavailable or unwilling to help in a given
circumstance.
·
Feedback – It
is important that feedback be given both ways to check on how each person feels
about the process of giving or receiving assistance. Helping often creates
resistance and/or resentment and unless there is a means of keeping track of
the process, the relationship is likely to erode over time.
Building a Support System
“Abusers often try to isolate their partners
from others to maximize their control. They often try to make you believe that
you are to blame, and that you are a bad person. It is important to talk to
others to get reality checks and to be reminded that you are not a bad person,
this also helps you to regain personal trust of yourself. Think of your support
system as the network of people you can rely on for friendship, support, information,
and services. Your support system can include close friends and family as well
as professionals who provide counseling, legal services, medical care etc.
Reach out to several people who are inclined to be accepting and supportive.
Your local domestic violence organization can be an important part of your
support network. Reach out and accept the help that is offered.
Many survivors must build or rebuild their
entire support network; this can feel overwhelming. It might be helpful to
break it down into steps and ask yourself this series of questions:
For Today:
What family members am I close to right now?
·
What friends am I in touch with right now?
·
What medical, wellness, or mental health
professionals do I have in my life now?
·
What other support do I have in my life right
now? (This may include a faith-based community, support group, 12-step group,
club or activity.)
For the Future:
·
What family members would I like to be close
with?
·
What friends would I like to be in touch
with?
·
What professionals would I like to have?
·
What other types of support would I like to
develop?
As you are building a support network, you
will be gaining the perspective of others and broadening your own perspective
about your situation.” *2
List of Characteristics of A Support Person:
1.
The ability to listen
for the duration of your need to ventilate or communicate something without
changing the focus onto themselves.
2.
The ability to then
share regarding the given topic from their own personal history and/or
perspective.
3.
The ability to voice at
the start if they are unable or unwilling, for whatever reason, to give you the
time that you need.
4.
The ability to inform
you if the content of the conversation is harming them. This shows you that
they are taking care of themselves and frees you from that responsibility.
5.
The ability to share
what is bothering them AFTER you have finished. Not changing the focus of the
conversation from you (if you initiated contact) until it was completed.
6.
The ability to
comprehend what you are saying. Even if they don't fully comprehend, are they
at least trying to understand what you are saying or feeling?
7.
The ability to repeat to
you what you are saying to help you clarify your comprehension and
communication abilities.
8.
The ability to respect
your right to refuse their venting on you if you are unable to cope with it.
9.
The ability to respect
your privacy in regards to your property, body and mind.
10. The ability to not violate your space, body or mind. This incorporates
not touching unless gaining your permission, not telling you what you should do
or how you should feel, or that what you are saying, doing or feeling is wrong
in any way. It also incorporates not trying to make you adopt their point of
view.
11. The ability to encourage you to choose of your own free will what to do
and to help you explore and discover the various choices available to you, even
the negative ones. Not trying to fix things for you or run your life for you.
12. The ability to accept and encourage your participation in activities
without them and with other people.
13.
The ability to accept
not being told everything and not being your only support person.
List the people that are in your life:
Place their names
and the type of relationship that you have with them:
List of People I have a current relationship with:
1) My spouse
_______________________________
2) Son or daughter
_______________________________
3) Parent
_______________________________
4) Boss
_______________________________
5) Co-workers
_______________________________
6) Therapist
_______________________________
7) Friend
_______________________________
8) Roommate
_______________________________
ADD YOUR OWN HERE
_______________________________
Go back through the list you just made and beside
each name put the approximate number of times in a week that you seek out each
individual for support and, if possible, the amount of time that you spend each
time with that person for support.
Now make a table to use for each individual on the
list you have just made. The first column will correspond to the number by the
character list. The second will be the name of an individual on your list
above, the third is to rate them on the list of characteristics that you have
made.
The Rating Scale From 1-10
1.
No ability
2. Rare ability
3. Occasional ability
4. Moderate ability
5. Average ability
6. Good ability
7. Strong but rarely consistent ability
8. Strong but only moderate ability
9. Strong and average consitent ability
10. Strong and consistent ability
An example of a rating table:
Characteristic # Persons Name The rating
1 spouse 8
2 children 6
3 boss 3
List of Non-Human support:
Survivors can also find non-human modes of
support
·
Pet - They
will spend countless hours listening to you and keeping you company. Some offer
security while others offer beauty.
·
Plants - You
can derive similar amounts of joy and satifaction from having living, beautiful
plants around you. Plants actively respond to human attention. Most of all,
they are alive and in your environment.
·
Stuffed Pets - If
pets are out of the question and you just can't get a plant to Animals grow (or
even if you have both pets and plants) then stuffed animals are a terrific
substitute. They listen and you can interact with them.
·
Change or put up
pictures that you find comforting in the environment . (Paint or wallpaper )
·
Hobby -
Find a hobby or craft that you enjoy and can afford. Use what you or Craft have done within your environment. Take pride
in yourself and reap reap the benefits of all your work and talents.
References
system&oq=define:+support+system&gs_l
*2 -
http://www.ntl.org/upload/Developing%20and%20Using%20Personal%20Support%20Systems.pdf
By Michelle McCaugherty